The characteristics of vegetable diseases(一)

There are many kinds of vegetable diseases, which are divided into infectious diseases and non-infectious diseases.Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes and parasitic plants, while non-infectious diseases are caused by genetic defects of plants themselves or inappropriate environmental conditions, such as damages caused by alkali, salt, fertilizer, medicine and so on.

The correct method of disease diagnosis is the combination of field diagnosis and indoor diagnosis.There are more than 200 kinds of main diseases of vegetables, including fungi (73%), bacteria (10%) and viruses (15%), and the others account for 2%.

The characteristics of vegetables diseases

Vegetable diseases refer to the fact that in the process of the growth and development vegetables are infected by pathogens or affected by adverse environment and its normal physiological metabolism has been disturbed.It is the abnormal phenomena of the internal tissue structure and external morphology.

1.Period and position

(1)The period of diseases occurrence

Diseases can occur in seedling stage, adult stage and post-harvest stage.

Common seedling diseases are damping-off, blight, gray mold and macerating root.

Common adult plant diseases are downy mildew,powdery mildew,blight,rust disease,viral diseases,ａnd so on.

Post-harvest diseases are diseases that occur during the storage, transportation and sales of vegetables.The pathogens of infected vegetables are mainly some weak parasitic fungi and bacteria, such as ,penicillium, staphylospores, alternaria, root mold, fusarium, aspergillus and so on.

(2)The position of diseases occurrence

The root, stem, leaf, flower and fruit of vegetables can be infected with the pathogen and cause the disease.Vegetable leaf diseases are the most common, mainly including early blight, anthrax, late blight, downy mildew, powdery mildew, black spot, soft rot, scab, virus disease and so on.

The stem diseases mainly include blight, verticillium and bacterial wilt.

Root diseases mainly include root rot, club root, root-knot nematode disease,etc.

The main diseases occurring on flowers and fruits are gray mold, blossom-end rot and sunscald.

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