Misunderstanding of apple orchard management(一)

Due to the intertwined series of agricultural activities such as autumn harvest and autumn sowing, a considerable number of fruit farmers have relaxed the comprehensive management of the orchard, and many problems have arisen, which have affected the high-quality and high-yield and economic benefits of apples in the past, and left the production of orchards in the coming year. Many hidden dangers.

First, heavy winter shears light autumn tube

       Many fruit farmers only pay attention to winter plastic trimming, and do not pay attention to the trimming of the growing season, especially the autumn trimming. Let the long branches, erect branches, and development branches of the tree grow, and the result is that "the branches are full of trees, the trees are not visible, the nutrition is wasted, the fruit is poor, and there is no flower." In this regard, we must change our mindset and strengthen the autumn management. One is to remove and cut off the long branches, the erect branches, the peripheral dense branches and various pests and branches that need to be thinned during winter shearing. It is ventilated and light-transparent, and the branches are sunny; the second is to pull the branches and take the branches to promote the flowers; the third is to lightly pick the branches of more than one meter long in late September, control the growth, save nutrition, and fill the branches. Bud, safe for the winter.

Second, prevention and treatment of pests can not be good at the end

       In the apple pest control process, many fruit farmers are "pre-tight, medium-slung, and no matter", and the number of times of drug-stopping is stopped at the middle and late stages, which often causes the late painful pests to break out into disasters, preventing insecurity and causing heavy losses. The author believes that after the light can not be re-emphasized, the prevention and control work should be carried out throughout, and there should be no slight loss. Whether this year's prevention and control work is done well or not will play a decisive role in the high-quality and high-yield apples this year and the increase and decrease of the source of bacteria and the base of insects next year.

Third, early application of base fertilizer can not be implemented

       From late September to October, it is the third peak period of apple tree root growth, and it is also the best period for the base fertilizer in autumn. The beneficiaries are deeply impressed by the fact that “the fertilizer is applied in all seasons and the autumn fertilizer is the most important”. At this time, the base fertilizer is easy to heal, the absorption capacity is strong, and the time is long, which is very important for improving the nutritional level of fruit trees. However, many fruit farmers do not grab the time to grab the best fertilization period and push it again until the early spring of the second year. According to the actual production, the author suggests that all the early and middle-aged apple orchards should be applied quickly after picking the fruit. If the late-ripening apple orchard is reshaped, the fertilization time should be arranged in late September to 10 Mid-month; narrow and dense plantings between rows can be postponed until the fruit picking, as soon as possible to deep fertilization. At the same time, it is necessary to spray 2-3 times of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and 0.5-1% urea solution after picking fruit and before falling leaves.

Fourth, do not top hanging fruit

       Branches with too much fruit are often drooped by the fruit to sag, pressed to the ground or overlap with the branches below, artificially causing local light to deteriorate, resulting in poor coloration of the fruit and the occurrence of pests and diseases. Therefore, starting from July, diligent inspection, depending on the degree of sagging of the fruit branches, using wooden sticks or rope hanging methods, so that the branches are evenly distributed, reducing the phenomenon of wind blowing and cracking. As far as possible, "the branches are empty, the leaves are visible, and the fruits are colored." It should be emphasized that apple tree branches cannot be chosen for support to prevent the spread of germs.

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